Pipe structure



Aug 30 1932 F. R. KANENGEISER 1,874,303

PIPE STRUCTURE Filed Feb. 5, 1931 -2 Sheets-Sheet l www if Patented Aug. 30, 1932 FRED R. KANENGEI'sEmo,roinirnfoniq assieivon Torun mnrnoron'rau rAvlNe,

BRICK COMPANY, or cisnroiiionrqa @anonima 0F omo rire STRUCTURE Application Viled'l'ebruary 5,1931; Serial No. $13,602.

My invention relates to pipe y structures more particularly adapted for use asV sewer pipe, and including brick as the prepondera-ting structural'ele'ment. 1 i 'l' fJ: w

It is particularly desirablethat la `sewer pipe shallhave a substantially unbrokeninner surface vof vitrified material. .f i L p' A It is also becoming more* and moreuneces-` sary to provide sewer pipes of relatively large diameters, which may be 3nfee't "or over. i

InA order to reduce labor costs of installation, it is preferableto utilize preformed or precast lengths of self sustaining portable pipe rather than to form the same atfthe place of use. i 1 f The objects of the present improvements include the provision ofa novel self sustaining portable pipe structure andan iml, proved method of making the same,ftherpipe structure having a substantially *i unbroken inner vitric surface, and being? relatively economical and simple to make andfuse,and having unusual strength particularlyinthe larger diameters, as compared with brick pipe structures laid upV by theA methods of` ordinary masonry. u l i if y ,Y The foregoing and `other objects are attained by the structures,apparatus, parts,

improvements, combinations,` and"l methods,

which comprise the present invention,A and which are particularly and distinctly'point` ed out and set forth in` the appended 'claims forming part hereof. j 7

In general terms the `improved pipe structure of the presentdnventioncomprises a pipe unit including a preferably-reenforced cementgrout monolithic outer shellimbedding and in keystone "bonding engagement 1-1. with circumferentially and longitudinally arranged preferably Vvitrified `bricks l or blocks forming ani'nner shell, each ,blockV preferably having a rectangularcross-secthan the longitudinal faces ofthejotherset,

and the inner surface ofthe pipebeinlg `preferably formed by inner narrowerglongitudiig. 3, an oblique perspectiveviewof the fner` shell;1i .g Fig. 4, atopfplanV view of the preferred forms `for making-the improved pipe units, :the brick shell-being laid'up in the forms *and v if"V tion and including rectangularend facesand nal faces of blocks .abuttingy eachother attheir side and endcorners to form a sublstantially` continuons 'vitric surface substantiallyfunbroken by cementyand at one end 4,of the pipe, an end rowYoffcircumferentially arrangedblocks ls vlocated with the inner broaderfacesofffthe blocks `forming the in- Ipipeunit Which-is adapted forfinteritting -iwiththe internally peripherally rabbeted end of .an adjacent pipe unit of similar construction,` in Ewhich the ,internally peripherally rabbetted end is formed by the inner surface of the cement shell and the adjacent end vsurface of the brick or block shell. *j In; general terms the improvedV method of the presentlinvention includes laying upthe brick shell byabutting the ends and longltudinal corners ofthe ,bricksV or `blocks directly. against each other, and by integrally .imbedding the brick 'or` block shell with" a preferably-z ,re-(enforcedv cement grout monolthic shell.` 1. y y

,1 QOne y embodiment of the"improved ,.structure, ,and thepreferred forms `for carryingout thejimproved method hereof are illustrated in the accompanying drawings `forming part hereof,inw`hich i l `Figure l1 isa fragmentary end View of a Ypipe unit embodying the presentginvention Y ig. 2, a longitudinal sectional view therepreferred `form of block formaking the inready for the monolithic lcementitious shell;

i Fig. 5,` alongitudinal sectionalvievv there- 1 Similar numerals refer to .s1m1lar` parts Ithroughoutltlie drawings.v y

`Thepreferred embodiment; of proved'self sustaining portabley pipe strucr-tureqis `indicated generally at flQ ,in Figs. 1

Finn

ing engagement with the outer shell, the outer shell being preferably made of monolithicl re-enforced cement grout.

Each block13 has any desired polygonal cross-sectionl and includes end faces and a plurality of faces extending longitudinally between the end faces, the block faces intersecting each other at longitudinal and end corners, yand one of the :longitudinal faces lbeing narrower than the adjacent longitudinal faces at each Vside thereof, in order that the inner surface of the pipe may befformed by the narrow faces of the block and the bonding engagement with the .monolithic shell may be between broader faces of the blocks in order to attain maximum strength of the completed composite structure.

Vitrified ypaving brick or block provide these desired features in lthe most economical and convenient manner, each -block 13 having a rectangular cross-section and including rectangular end faces 13a and two sets of oppo- Usite parallel rectangular faces 13b and 130 extending longitudinally between the end faces 13a, `the faces 13b being narrower than the faces 130, and the several faces lofthe block intersecting each other at longitudinal corners 14 and end corners 15 and 16, the end.

corners 15 being lthe narrower corners.

The inner shell 11 includes circumferentially and longitudinally arranged bl'oc'ks13, the end faces 13a-of lthe blocks abutting 'directly against each other, and the Ainner surface of the inner shell 11 being formed by narrow faces 13b of the blocks, and the lon- 'gitudinalcorners 14 of the blocks as well as the lend corners 15 abut against each other so 'that Ithe inner surface of thecompleted pipe is substantially a continuous vitriied `'surface with substantially nocement either between the "abutting end corners or longitudinal corners.

Thus providing a substantially continuous `4vitriied inner surface for the pipe prevents absorptionof sewage by the pipe.

The blocks 13 extend in longitudinalrows 'and 'the broader faces of `adjacent rows of blocks form a plurality of circumferentially spaced longitudinally extending V grooves in each of which fis located a longitudinally extending keystone rib 17 which is integral with and part of the monolithic outer shell 12, and which is in bonding engagement with `4the adjacent broader faces ofthe blocks, and the outer narrower facesof the blocks are in bonding engagement with the portions of the vshell 12 between "the keystonefribs 17 4Re-enforcin,fg 18 is preferablyprovided for lhereof.

the monolithic shell 12, and at the ends of the unit 10, the outer shell 12 preferably includes flanges 19a and 19?) overlapping the adjacent end faces of the blocks 13, thereby imbedding the blocks 13 against endwise movement, and increasing the strength of the structure as a whole.

Each pipe unit 10 is preferably provided with Vone external peripherally rabbeted end 20 and an opposite internal peripherally rabbeted end 21, the external peripherally rabbeted end 2O of one unit being adapted for intertting and being overlapped by the internal peripherally rabbeted end of an adjacent pipe unit.

The :external peripherally rabbeted end 20 is formedby an end ring of blocks 113, arranged with their inner broad faces forming a continuation .of the inner surfaceof the pipe, the blocks 113 extending beyond the end of the shell 12, and the external peripherally rabbeted end 2O being formed by the exposed portions of the outer broad faces of the blpcks 113 and the end face 22 of the outer shell 12.

The internal peripherally rabbeted end 21 is formed by extending the shell 12 beyond the adjacent end of the blocks 13, as illustrated..

The improved pipe unit 10 thus described in detail would be relatively difficult to make, by .usual methods, but the improved method of the present invention permits the improved units 10 to Ibe made with ease and economy.

In Figs. 4 and 5 the .preferred improved vforms indicated generally by are illustrated'for carrying out the improved method The forms 30 include a base ring 31 which .is adapted to rest upon a platform` or on the ground, and an inner preferably collapsible cylindfrc shell 33 preferably rests upon an upper rabbeted -seat 34 on the inside of the ibase ring, :and a preferably collapsible bell ring 35 is kremovably secured to the outer side face of the ibase ring 31 as by means of bolts y36 extending through registering apertures in the bell ring 35 and a downwardly extendingfflange 371provided on the base ring 31.

'A preferably collapsible outer shell 38 rests upon the upper'horizontal ring surface 39 of the bell ring 35, andextends upwardly therefrom .concentric with the inner metallic shell 33.'

Before theouter shell 38 is positioned, the brick 113 and 13 are laid up vertically end on end in lrings-one upon another in the positions heretofore described in the resulting pipe: structure.

' Tie wires 40 maybe wrapped around the outer faces of the block 13, and the outer shell 38 lis then positioned and an upper bell ring '41 is placed upon the upper ends of the upper ring-of blocks 13.

The re-enforcing for the monolithic shell is then put in place and the monolithic shell is poured preferably by the use of cement grout.

By thus laying up the inner block shell section and having rectangular end faces and two sets of opposite faces extending longitudinally between the end faces, the end and longitudinal faces intersecting each other at corners, and one set yof facesk being narrow and the other set being broad relative to each other, and the inner surface of the inner shell being formed at one end portion by broad faces of some `of the blocks, and the remaining portion of the inner surface being formed by narrow faces of other blocks, and the outer shell being monolithic and imbedding and engaging the other longitudinal faces of the blocks, and an external peripherally rabbeted end being formed for the pipe structure by the outer broad faces of the said end blocks and the adjacent end surface of the outer shell.

2. A self sustaining portable pipestructure including an inner shell and an outer shell, the inner shell including circumferentially and longitudinally arranged blocks, the blocks being rectangular in transverse cross-section and having rectangular end faces and two sets of opposite faces extending longitudinally between thev end faces, the end and longitudinal faces intersecting each other at corners, and one set of faces being narrow and the other set being broad relative to each other, and the inner surfaceV of the inner shell being formed at one end portion by broad faces of some of the blocks, and the remaining portion of the inner surface being formed by narrow faces of other blocks, and the outer shell being monolithic and imbedding and engaging the other longitudinal faces of the blocks, and an external peripherally rabbeted end being formed for the pipe structure by the outer broad faces of the said end blocks and the adjacent end surface of the outershell,V and the other end of the pipe structure having formed therein an internal peripherally rabbeted seat for interfitting with the external peripherally rabbeted seat of an adjacent pipe structure. Y

In testimony that I claim the above, I have hereunto subscribedmy name. i

FRED R. KANENGEISER. 

